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Books : Science : Evolution : Paleontology : Stratigraphic Paleontology
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In addition to providing information about ancient environments and macroevolution, microfossils can be used to correlate the absolute ages of rocks. Following the development of biostratigraphy from classical origins into petroleum exploration and deep-ocean drilling, this survey explores in depth the surprisingly wide application of biostratigraphic methods. The book will be essential reading for students and researchers working in basin analysis, sequence stratigraphy, palaeoceanography, palaeobiology and related fields.
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-- Tree
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The interval between the Carboniferous and Jurassic eras is marked by major changes in the structure and character of the Earth and is associated with massive earthquakes, volcanic activity, and large-scale changes of life at the Permian-Triassic and the Triassic-Jurassic boundaries. In this volume, an international assemblage of geologists reveals a wide range of information about these events in the circum-Pacific region, as a conclusion to International Geological Correlation Programme Project 272. They explore the nature of the changes in the Late Paleozoic and Early Mesozoic, and suggest issues for future investigation through the study of paleontology, biostratigraphy, tectonics, magmatic and volcanic development, ore deposition, paleography and climate. As the circum-Pacific region becomes increasingly important for hydrocarbon and mineral exploration, this book will be an invaluable resource for researchers and students in stratigraphy and paleontology.
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This comprehensive synthesis of our knowledge of the biostratigraphy of marine plankton is the work of an international team of eighteen authors. It covers all the major fossil groups that can be used to date sediments and rocks in the time interval Late Mesozoic to Holocene. Altogether more than 3200 taxa are considered, almost all of which are illustrated and depicted on range charts, making the book a valuable work of reference in the earth sciences. For ease of reference by specialists interested in either calcareous or non-calcareous microfossils, the original work is now divided into two independent volumes. Volume I covers the calcareous microfossils and includes planktic foraminifers, calcareous nannofossils and calpionellids.
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-- Michael O. Woodburne, Journal of Geoscience Educations
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The renaissance in stratigraphy has promoted a more thorough examination of the geologic record of particular fossil bearing strata. The subject of paleontological events whether sedimentographic or biological in nature, is now emerging as an important topic in earth history, particularly with regard to the temperature and nature of sedimentologic and biologic change.
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Broadening the basis of information on the topic of the Cretaceous extinction, this book particularly highlights evidence that points away from the global catastrophic scenario, towards a fossil based theory suggesting that a multitude of factors resulted in the period's radical changes.
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This book gives a new global perspective to the Phanerozoic timescale, by bringing together extensive Australian and overseas research on biostratigraphy, geochronology and magnetostratigraphy. For the first time, correlations are established between Australian and European biozonal schemes for the entire Phanerozoic, by integrating local and international biozones, isotopic ages, and magnetic polarity intervals. The compilation relies on tie points using tightly constrained isotopic and biostratigraphic ages. It is the first Phanerozoic scale whose time calibration is heavily weighted by modern application of isotopic dating of the 1980's and 1990's, especially variants of 40 Ar/39Ar and U/Pb zircon-dating, which have radically rescaled some parts of geologic time. An Australian Phanerozoic Timescale gives the essential framework for resource exploration, geologic modelling, and reconstruction of past environments and land-sea configurations during the last 545 million years of earth history.
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This book provides an introduction to recent developments in automated stratigraphic correlation of fossil data, using computer programs for ranking and scaling of stratigraphic events. Mainframes or microcomputers can be used to aid the stratigrapher during data inventory for a region or time period, for construction of a biozonation based on stratigraphic events, (such as the latest appearance datum of a fossil species), and for automated correlation.
The book is intended for advanced geology students, research workers and teachers with a background in stratigraphy and an interest in using computer-based techniques for problem-solving.
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Bug Creek assemblages from Montana, transitional in composition between typical Cretaceous and Paleocene vertebrate faunas, are critical to K-T extinction debates because they have been used to support both gradual and catastrophic K-T extinction scenarios. Geological and palynological data from McGuire Creek indicate that Bug Creek assemblages are Paleocene and restricted to channel fills entrenched into older sediments, suggesting that the Cretaceous component of the assemblage was reworked. Thus, the author concludes, "Paleocene dinosaurs" are an illusion and the K-T survival rate of mammals is low because the presence of Cretaceous mammals in Bug Creek assemblages is also the result of reworking.
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The Phanerozoic calendar of the history of the earth is composed of fundamental units called stages. A priority of the International Commission on Stratigraphy is to redefine these stages using a modern approach. This work presents a unique solution to the previously debated and diversified locations of the Campanian-Maastrichtian boundary, providing a precise correlation using the most accepted known time markers. The Campanian and the Maastrichtian are the last two stages of the Cretaceous System.
This volume includes a large amount of previously unpublished stratigraphical data. With the use of uncertainty margins for observations, established by comparison of results obtained by various experts using different approaches for the same stratigraphical tool, a new approach to stratigraphical information was employed. While most of the data have been taken from the recently rediscovered geological site at Tercis, France, data from other sections around the world have been considered. The section studied at Tercis is the best stratigraphical record on Earth for the period of several million years across the Campanian-Maastrichtian boundary. -
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This book is devoted exclusively to the Cenozoic era in southern Africa. The authors explore a variety of themes within this time frame, beginning with the evolution of the major landforms of the subcontinent: the old landscapes of southern Africa are host to a wide variety of deposits of differing ages. Special emphasis is placed on the cave fills of the interior, whose rich yield of early hominid and faunal remains have focused the attention of a host of paleoanthropologists and paleontologists on South Africa. These remains, and their implications for an understanding of patterns and mechanisms of evolution form the subjects of separate major contributions. Other themes include Cenozoic volcanism, paleofold hydrology, periglacial features, wetlands, vegetation history as reconstructed from pollen and macro-plant remains, environmental isotopes, and the Quaternary archaelogical record. In a concluding synthesis, evidence from all of these sources is used to trace the evolution of climates through the past 65 million years. This book will be an essential work of reference for students and researchers in the fields of geology, paleontology hominid evolution, and paleoclimatology. It brings together in a single volume a wealth of new evidence on how the environments of the southern part of Africa have changed since Cretaceous times and examines the role of these changes in the emergence and development of our early ancestors.













